Bhutan National Day

Bhutan National Day is observed annually on December 17. This significant public holiday commemorates the coronation of the first King of Bhutan, Gongsar Ugyen Wangchuck, and the unification of the kingdom.

History of Bhutan National Day

The historical significance of this day dates back to 1907, a pivotal year that ended a long period of internal conflict and civil war. Before this time, Bhutan was governed by a dual system of power that often led to regional rivalries and instability. On December 17, 1907, civil and monastic representatives, along with the general public, gathered at the Punakha Dzong. In a unanimous decision, they elected Ugyen Wangchuck as the first hereditary King of Bhutan, thereby establishing the Wangchuck Dynasty that continues to rule today.

This coronation marked the unification of the country under a single, central authority. It laid the foundation for modern Bhutan, ensuring peace and stability within its borders. The establishment of the monarchy was crucial for safeguarding the nation’s sovereignty and independence during an era of colonial expansion in the region. Since then, the successive kings have guided the country through modernization while zealously protecting its unique cultural heritage and environment.

Why is Bhutan National Day important?

This day is the most significant national event in Bhutan because it celebrates the very essence of Bhutanese identity and unity. It is a moment for the citizens to pay tribute to the visionary leadership of their monarchs, who have championed the philosophy of Gross National Happiness over mere economic growth. The holiday reinforces the deep bond between the people and the King, a relationship characterized by mutual respect and affection that is rare in modern governance.

Furthermore, it serves as an annual reminder of the country’s resilience and distinct culture. In a rapidly globalizing world, this day encourages the preservation of traditions, from language and dress to architecture and spirituality. It provides a platform for the King to address the nation, outlining future goals and reflecting on the achievements of the past year, ensuring that every citizen feels involved in the country’s progress.

• It honors the founding of the Wangchuck Dynasty.
• It celebrates the unification of the kingdom.
• It strengthens the sense of national sovereignty.
• It promotes the preservation of Bhutanese culture.
• It provides an opportunity for the King to address the people.

How to Celebrate Bhutan National Day

Celebrating this day is a vibrant and communal affair, with the main festivities taking place at the Changlimithang Stadium in the capital city, Thimphu. People from all walks of life gather early in the morning, dressed in their finest traditional attire—the “Gho” for men and the “Kira” for women. The atmosphere is filled with anticipation as crowds wait for the arrival of the King, who delivers a highly anticipated public address that is broadcast live across the nation.

For those unable to attend the main event, local districts, schools, and communities organize their own celebrations featuring traditional folk dances and songs. It is also customary to enjoy special meals with family and friends, often including dishes like Ema Datshi (chilies and cheese) and red rice. Lighting butter lamps in temples to offer prayers for the well-being of the country and the long life of the King is another profound way many choose to observe the holiday.

• Watch the live broadcast of the King’s speech.
• Wear traditional Bhutanese dress (Gho or Kira).
• Attend a local cultural dance performance.
• Share a meal of Ema Datshi with family.
• Light a butter lamp at a local monastery.

Bhutan National Day Dates