Finland Independence Day

Finland Independence Day is celebrated annually on December 6 to honor the nation’s declaration of sovereignty from Russia in 1917. It serves as a moment for the Finnish people to reflect on their history and pay tribute to war veterans.

History of Finland Independence Day

Finland was an autonomous Grand Duchy under the Russian Empire for over a century, following six centuries of Swedish rule. The Russian Revolution of 1917 created a power vacuum that allowed the Finnish Senate, led by Pehr Evind Svinhufvud, to present a Declaration of Independence. On December 6, 1917, the Finnish Parliament adopted this declaration, officially severing ties with Russia and establishing the Republic of Finland.

The early years of independence involved internal conflict and external threats. The significance of this day grew following the sacrifices of the Winter War (1939–1940) and the Continuation War (1941–1944). These conflicts solidified national unity, making the holiday a somber tribute to those who fought to preserve the country’s freedom.

Why is Finland Independence Day important?

This holiday symbolizes the resilience and determination of the Finnish people, a concept locally known as sisu. It emphasizes the value of freedom and democracy, reminding citizens that independence was hard-won. The day focuses on gratitude toward previous generations who ensured the nation remained sovereign.

Finns honor the veterans and the Lottas (women of the auxiliary paramilitary organization) who defended the country. Cemeteries across the nation glow with thousands of candles placed on war graves. It is a day when national identity is strengthened, bridging the gap between past struggles and modern society.

• Families light candles in memory of ancestors
• Veterans are honored with deep respect
• The day unites the nation through shared traditions
• It reinforces the values of freedom
• Schools emphasize Finnish history

How to Celebrate Finland Independence Day

A cherished tradition involves placing two blue and white candles in the window from 6 PM to 9 PM. This custom dates back to the 19th century as a silent protest against Russian rule and a sign of safe harbor for Finnish soldiers. The soft glow of these candles can be seen in windows throughout cities and rural villages.

Most households watch the President’s Independence Day Reception, known as Linnanjuhlat (The Castle Ball), on television. Dignitaries, veterans, and celebrities shake hands with the President during this formal gala. Many people also visit war memorials to lay wreaths or watch the classic film The Unknown Soldier.

• Place two blue and white candles in the window
• Watch the President’s reception on television
• Visit war graves to light candles
• Display the Finnish flag outside
• Enjoy a meal with family

Finland Independence Day Dates Table