Flag Day in Lithuania

Flag Day in Lithuania is observed on January 1. This day commemorates the first time the Lithuanian tricolor was raised atop Gediminas Tower in Vilnius, serving as a symbol of national independence and resilience. It is a day when citizens honor the history of their statehood and the individuals who fought to establish a sovereign nation.

History of Flag Day in Lithuania

The holiday marks the events of January 1, 1919, when a group of Lithuanian volunteers led by the Vilnius city commandant, Kazys Škirpa, raised the yellow, green, and red flag for the first time. The ceremony was accompanied by gunfire salutes and the singing of the national anthem. This act signaled the birth of a modern Lithuanian identity, distinct from the historical banners used during the era of the Grand Duchy. However, the flag was short-lived as Bolshevik forces occupied the city just days later and removed the yellow and green stripes.

During the subsequent decades of Soviet and Nazi occupations, the display of the Lithuanian tricolor was strictly prohibited and often met with severe punishment. Despite these bans, the flag remained a powerful symbol of resistance, often hidden in homes or flown secretly during significant anniversaries. The flag was officially restored as the national symbol in 1988 as the independence movement gained momentum, and it was formally enshrined in the Constitution following the restoration of independence in 1990.

Why is Flag Day in Lithuania important?

This observance is significant because it highlights the continuity of the Lithuanian state through periods of foreign control. The colors of the flag hold specific meanings: yellow represents the sun, prosperity, and light; green symbolizes the beauty of nature, freedom, and hope; and red stands for the courage and blood of those who died for their country. By celebrating the flag, Lithuanians reaffirm their commitment to these values and honor the sacrifices made by previous generations to ensure a free future.

The day also serves as a bridge between the military and the civilian population through the “Flag for a School” initiative. Each year, the flag that flew atop Gediminas Tower for the previous twelve months is lowered and presented to a school that has shown exceptional dedication to civic education and patriotic activities. This tradition ensures that the younger generation remains connected to the country’s history and understands the responsibility that comes with maintaining national sovereignty.

• It honors the first public raising of the national tricolor in the capital city.
• The holiday emphasizes the values of bravery, prosperity, and liberty.
• It recognizes the bravery of the volunteers who established the first guard of honor.
• The “Flag for a School” program encourages civic engagement among students.
• It serves as a unifying symbol for Lithuanians living both at home and abroad.

How to Celebrate Flag Day in Lithuania

The primary event takes place at Gediminas Tower in Vilnius, where a solemn ceremony is held to replace the flag. Military personnel in both modern and historical uniforms participate in the guard of honor, reflecting the deep roots of the Lithuanian armed forces. Spectators gather at the base of the hill to watch the old flag descend and the new one rise, often joining in the singing of patriotic songs. Following the ceremony, the retiring flag is ceremoniously handed over to the representatives of the winning school for safekeeping in their museum or hall of honor.

Beyond the official ceremonies, many citizens display the national flag outside their homes and businesses as a show of pride. It is also a common time for families to visit historical sites and museums to learn more about the volunteers of 1919 and the struggle for independence. Since the day coincides with New Year’s Day, many public squares host concerts and festive gatherings that blend the celebration of the new year with patriotic tributes. Some communities also organize commemorative bonfires or lectures led by local historians.

• Attend the official flag-raising ceremony at Gediminas Tower in Vilnius.
• Display the national yellow, green, and red tricolor at your home or office.
• Participate in civic discussions or educational programs at local schools.
• Visit the National Museum of Lithuania to see historical artifacts from 1919.
• Sing the national anthem at public gatherings to show solidarity with the nation.

Flag Day in Lithuania Dates Table