Founding Day in Saudi Arabia

Founding Day in Saudi Arabia is celebrated annually on February 22. It commemorates the establishment of the first Saudi state in 1727, marking nearly three centuries of governance and political identity on the Arabian Peninsula.

History of Founding Day in Saudi Arabia

The holiday centers on the year 1727, when Imam Mohammed bin Saud assumed leadership in the city of Diriyah. His accession transformed a local emirate into a unified political entity that prioritized security and the regulation of trade and pilgrimage routes. Diriyah served as the capital of this first state, which expanded its influence across central Arabia through organized administration and defensive strength.

While the events occurred centuries ago, the official recognition of the holiday is recent. King Salman bin Abdulaziz issued a royal decree in January 2022 designating February 22 as an annual public holiday to honor these deep historical roots. This distinction separates the day from Saudi National Day in September, which specifically marks the modern unification of the Kingdom in 1932 under King Abdulaziz.

Why is Founding Day in Saudi Arabia important?

This day provides a focal point for national pride by anchoring the country’s history in the early 18th century. It emphasizes that the Saudi state predates many modern nations in the region, highlighting a long-standing legacy of leadership and social cohesion. By celebrating the first Saudi state, the holiday reinforces the historical continuity between the original founders and the current leadership.

The observance also plays a significant role in cultural preservation. It encourages citizens to learn about the lifestyle, architecture, and governance of their ancestors during the era of the first state. The visual identity of the day uses symbols like the palm tree, falcon, and Arabian horse to represent prosperity, strength, and nobility. These elements serve as educational tools for younger generations to understand the values that helped build the nation.

• The day marks the political transition from a local town to a sovereign state.
• It honors the historical role of Diriyah as a center of culture and knowledge.
• The holiday distinguishes the 1727 founding from the 1932 unification.
• National cohesion is strengthened through the shared remembrance of common roots.
• It promotes the preservation of regional heritage and traditional Saudi crafts.

How to Celebrate Founding Day in Saudi Arabia

Celebrations across the Kingdom are characterized by a return to traditional aesthetics and community gatherings. Many citizens wear regional historical costumes, such as the bisht for men or vibrant, bead-decorated dresses for women, which reflect the styles of the 18th century. Major cities host large-scale events including fireworks, drone light shows, and military parades that showcase the country’s progress from its humble beginnings.

Cultural immersion is a primary activity, with many people visiting historical sites like At-Turaif in Diriyah, a UNESCO World Heritage site. Families prepare traditional dishes like jareesh, a cracked wheat meal, and serve Saudi coffee infused with saffron and cardamom. Public spaces often feature the Saudi Ardah, a traditional folk dance involving swords and rhythmic drumming, which serves as a symbol of unity and strength.

• Wear traditional clothing specific to your region’s historical heritage.
• Visit a local heritage village or historical museum to learn about early statehood.
• Attend an Ardah performance in a public square or park.
• Share a meal of jareesh and traditional bread with family members.
• Watch the national air shows and firework displays in major city centers.

Founding Day in Saudi Arabia Dates Table