Republic Proclamation Day (Brazil)

The Republic Proclamation Day, celebrated on November 15, marks the day in 1889 when the Empire of Brazil was overthrown and the First Brazilian Republic was established by a military coup led by Marshal Deodoro da Fonseca.

History of Republic Proclamation Day

On the morning of November 15, 1889, troops under Marshal Deodoro da Fonseca moved into the then-capital city of Rio de Janeiro and deposed Emperor Dom Pedro II, declaring a republic in its place.
Although the coup was largely bloodless, it marked the end of the Brazilian monarchy and set in motion a new era in Brazilian governance—shifting from imperial rule to a republican system that would evolve through constitutions, political reforms and shifting regional powers.

Why is Republic Proclamation Day important?

This day stands as a symbol of political transformation and modernisation in Brazil: it reminds citizens of the shift from monarchic rule to a republican framework and the hopes that accompanied that change.
It also invites reflection on how the republic evolved—its challenges, its continuities, and how national identity, citizenship and political participation changed in the process.

• It honours the founding moment of the Brazilian republic and the ideals tied to it.
• It reminds us that political systems change and such change effects everyday life.
• It acknowledges the role of the military, elites and reform-movements in shaping Brazil’s history.
• It encourages reflection on the meaning of citizenship and governance in Brazil.
• It supports national unity by recalling a moment shared across regions and generations.

How to Celebrate Republic Proclamation Day

A suitable way to observe the day is by participating in or viewing public ceremonies, such as civic parades or flag-raising events, which highlight the republic’s symbols and invite national reflection. In Brazil these events often include formal commemorations, public readings of the proclamation text, and displays of national flags and colours. You might join a local celebration, listen to a public address, or share thoughts about what the republic has meant historically and today.

• Attend or listen to a public ceremony or civic event marking the day.
• Observe a moment of silence or reflection on the nation’s republic legacy.
• Visit a monument, museum or exhibit about the proclamation of the republic.
• Display the national flag in your location as a sign of respect.
• Discuss the meaning of the day with friends, family or a community group.

Republic Proclamation Day Dates Table