Foundation of Old Panama City (Panama la Vieja)

Foundation of Old Panama City (Panama la Vieja) is celebrated annually on August 15. In 2026, this date falls on a Saturday. This public holiday in Panama honors the historic establishment of Panamá Viejo, the original Panama City founded in 1519 as the first permanent European settlement on the Pacific Ocean.

History of Foundation of Old Panama City (Panama la Vieja)

Panama City was founded on August 15, 1519, by Spanish conquistador Pedrarias Davila. It became the first permanent European settlement on the Pacific coast of the Americas. The city quickly grew into a vital hub for gold and silver trade, serving as a portal for treasures stolen from the Incas that were shipped to Spain. In 1521, the settlement was promoted to city status by royal decree and received a coat of arms from Charles V of Spain. Old Panama City played a pivotal role in further explorations of Peru and became a key point in trade between Latin America and the Philippines.

The city flourished for 152 years until its destruction in 1671. Welsh privateer Henry Morgan attacked with 1,400 men, overwhelming the city's militia. During the attack, a fire was started that nearly engulfed the city while the pirates wreaked havoc, causing thousands of deaths. The Spanish governor subsequently ordered the city to be moved inland to prevent future attacks, leading to the establishment of present-day Panama City. Today, the ruins of Old Panama City—known as Panamá Viejo—are a UNESCO World Heritage site, preserving remnants of the church, convent, and stately homes as a testament to its colonial past.

Why is Foundation of Old Panama City (Panama la Vieja) important?

This day honors the enduring legacy of the original settlement and its role in shaping Panamanian history. Old Panama City was the first European city on the Pacific Ocean, a strategic point that enabled the flow of riches across continents. Its story reflects both the ambition and the fragility of colonial ventures, reminding us of the city's rise and dramatic fall.

• Commemorates the founding of the first permanent European settlement on the Pacific Ocean.
• Recognizes Old Panama City's role as a gateway for the transatlantic gold and silver trade.
• Highlights the site's status as a UNESCO World Heritage site, preserving ruins that attract global tourism.
• Encourages pride in Panamanian heritage and cultural identity.
• Boosts the local economy through tourism, museum visits, and community events.

How to Celebrate Foundation of Old Panama City (Panama la Vieja)

Join the festivities by exploring the ruins of Panamá Viejo, where guided tours bring the history of the city to life. Local museums, such as those featuring the Cathedral Tower, offer air-conditioned exhibits and curated displays. Traditional Panamanian restaurants often serve special menus highlighting regional cuisine, while artisans showcase crafts at markets. Community organizations host educational events about the city's heritage, making it a perfect day for families to learn and celebrate together.

• Take a guided tour of the Panamá Viejo archaeological site and walk among the ruins.
• Visit local museums to view artifacts and historical exhibits about the city's past.
• Enjoy traditional Panamanian dishes at restaurants offering special holiday menus.
• Attend community festivals, parades, and cultural performances in the city.
• Support local artisans by purchasing crafts and souvenirs at markets.

Foundation of Old Panama City (Panama la Vieja) Dates